Skip to content
PracticalGuideLab

10 Best LED Message Boards in 2026

This guide compares the top LED message boards for business and home use, evaluating brightness, programmability, and durability to help you choose the right

As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. We may earn a commission when you buy through links on this page, at no additional cost to you. Read our affiliate disclosure.As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases.Purchases through our links may earn us a commission, at no extra cost to you. Read our affiliate disclosure.
In this guide
  1. 01Top 3 picks
  2. 02Compare all 10
  3. 03In-depth reviews
  4. 04Buying guide
  5. 05Use and care
  6. 06Common questions
  7. 07Final verdict

LED message boards have revolutionized how businesses and individuals communicate daily updates. These illuminated signs offer vibrant visibility and customizable content that traditional chalkboards cannot match. Whether you run a café, host events, or simply want to display creative messages at home, choosing the right board matters.

To compile this list, we analyzed dozens of available models based on brightness, ease of use, connectivity options, and build quality. We focused on products that offer reliable performance for both indoor and outdoor environments. Each selection has been vetted for its ability to attract attention and deliver clear messaging effectively.

Each pick below showcases key features, pros, and cons to help you make an informed decision. We include options ranging from simple writing boards to advanced programmable displays. Please note that availability and details may change over time so check the product page for the latest information before purchasing.

Top 3 Picks for Best LED Message Boards

Best Budget

Hosim 32x24 LED Message Writing Board
Hosim 32×24 LED Message Writing Board

4.3Editor score

Instant customer attention grabber
Complete ready-to-use kit
Versatile power options included

Check price

Editor's Choice

VEVOR 32x24 LED Message Writing Board
VEVOR 32×24 LED Message Writing Board

4.3Editor score

16 colors and 4 flash modes
Tempered glass surface durability
Multiple power supply options

Check price

Best Premium

77 Programmable LED Sign Outdoor Scrolling
77 Programmable LED Sign Outdoor Scrolling

4.6Editor score

5000 nit outdoor brightness
WiFi programmable content updates
IP65 waterproof protection rating

Check price

Top 10 Best LED Message Boards in 2026 Compared

The following table provides a side-by-side comparison of the ten top-rated LED message boards. It highlights key specifications like dimensions, control methods, and display capabilities to help you quickly identify which model fits your specific needs and environment.

ProductsSpecificationsEditor scorePrice
1VEVOR 32x24 LED Message Writing Board

Editor's Choice

VEVOR 32×24 LED Message Writing Board
Size: 32×24 inches
Control: Infrared Remote
Power: AC/USB/Battery
Material: Tempered Glass
4.3Editor score

Check price

2Programmable LED Sign for Business Flexible

Editor's Choice

Programmable LED Sign for Business Flexible
Size: 23×5 inches
Control: Bluetooth App
Power: USB Cable
Material: Flexible Panel
4.3Editor score

Check price

3HS Programmable Scrolling Led Sign Outdoor

Best Premium

HS Programmable Scrolling Led Sign Outdoor
Size: 39×14 inches
Control: WiFi/USB
Power: AC Adapter
Material: Aluminum Frame
4.3Editor score

Check price

4Hosim 32x24 LED Message Writing Board

Hosim 32×24 LED Message Writing Board
Size: 32×24 inches
Control: Remote Control
Power: AC/USB/Battery
Material: Tempered Glass
4.3Editor score

Check price

5RAYHOME Scrolling Huge Bright Advertising LED

RAYHOME Scrolling Huge Bright Advertising LED
Size: 27×5 inches
Control: Bluetooth App
Power: USB 5V
Material: Flexible Glue
4.3Editor score

Check price

677 Programmable LED Sign Outdoor Scrolling

77 Programmable LED Sign Outdoor Scrolling
Size: 77×14 inches
Control: WiFi/USB
Power: AC Adapter
Material: Aluminum Housing
4.6Editor score

Check price

7P10 Outdoor Indoor Programmable LED Sign

P10 Outdoor Indoor Programmable LED Sign
Size: 40×14 inches
Control: WiFi Control
Power: AC Adapter
Material: Aluminum Alloy
4.3Editor score

Check price

8VEVOR Programmable LED Sign P10 Flexible

VEVOR Programmable LED Sign P10 Flexible
Size: 27×14 inches
Control: Bluetooth App
Power: AC Adapter
Material: Aluminum Frame
4.4Editor score

Check price

936.2x7.6 Large Bright LED Sign

36.2×7.6 Large Bright LED Sign
Size: 36.2×7.6 inches
Control: App/Remote
Power: USB Interface
Material: Flexible Film
4.3Editor score

Check price

10P10 Programmable LED Sign 39x8

P10 Programmable LED Sign 39×8
Size: 39×8 inches
Control: WiFi/USB
Power: AC Adapter
Material: Full Color LED
3.9Editor score

Check price

1. VEVOR 32×24 LED Message Writing Board – Best Overall LED Message Board

VEVOR 32x24 LED Message Writing Board, Menu Sign Boards, Illuminated Erasable Lighted Chalkboard, Neon Effect Drawing Panel with 8 Fluorescent Chalk Markers and Remote Control4.3Editor scoreCheck price on Amazon
VEVOR 32×24 LED Message Writing Board
32×24 inch display area
16 color LED options
Tempered glass surface material
Infrared remote control included

This VEVOR board stands out as a top choice for those needing a reliable, bright display for menus or events. With a 4.3 rating, users appreciate its sturdy construction and vibrant lighting options. It combines the feel of a chalkboard with modern LED technology to attract attention.

Pros

  • High durability tempered glass
  • Versatile power options available
  • Bright neon effect lighting
  • Easy to clean surface
  • Multiple flash modes included

Cons

  • Remote requires line of sight
  • Markers may dry over time

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

The tempered glass surface is a significant upgrade over acrylic, offering better light transmission and resistance to scratches. You can choose from 16 colors and 4 flash modes to match your ambiance. The included remote allows you to change settings without touching the board.

While the remote needs a direct line of sight which can be inconvenient if placed high up. The markers are convenient but may require replacement after extended use. These are minor trade-offs for the overall quality and versatility provided.

This board is ideal for restaurants, bars, or home decor where visibility and style matter. If you need a versatile board that looks great indoors or outdoors with battery power, this is a strong recommendation.

Superior Glass Durability

The tempered glass is over five times harder than ordinary glass providing better impact resistance.

Flexible Power Solutions

You can power it via AC plug USB or battery box for outdoor convenience without outlet access.

Check price on Amazon

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

2. Programmable LED Sign for Business Flexible – Best for Creative Display

Programmable LED Sign for Business,Flexible Digital Sign,Scrolling LED Sign,Bluetooth APP,DIY Design Animations,Text, Graffiti,Colour (23x5)4.3Editor scoreCheck price on Amazon
Programmable LED Sign for Business Flexible
23×5 inch flexible panel
Bluetooth app control
DIY animation design
3M tape included

This flexible LED sign is perfect for car windows or temporary displays where portability is key. Rated 4.3 stars, it allows users to design custom text and animations via a Bluetooth app. It is ideal for events or mobile advertising needs.

Pros

  • Flexible bending design
  • Easy app control
  • DIY pattern creation
  • Long USB cable included
  • Lightweight portable build

Cons

  • Small display size
  • App updates may vary

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

The flexible panel can be bent to fit curved surfaces like car windows. You have full control over brightness speed and display mode through the app. The included 3M tape makes installation quick and mess-free without tools.

The main limitation is the narrow width which restricts the amount of text you can display. Also the app updates rely on the developer so features might change over time. These factors suit specific use cases but limit general utility.

Buy this if you need a compact portable sign for vehicles or small spaces. It offers creative freedom and easy setup making it a great tool for casual or event-based advertising.

App Based Control

Download the CoolLED1248 app to access built-in patterns and update your message wirelessly.

Portable Design

The thin panel folds easily and attaches with tape for quick setup anywhere.

Check price on Amazon

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

3. HS Programmable Scrolling Led Sign Outdoor – Best for High Visibility

HS Programmable Scrolling Led sign Outdoor Digital Open Neon P10 39x144.3Editor scoreCheck price on Amazon
HS Programmable Scrolling Led Sign Outdoor
39×14 inch outdoor display
5000 nits brightness
WiFi connectivity
Waterproof IP65 rating

This outdoor sign delivers exceptional brightness ensuring your message is visible even in direct sunlight. With 5000 nits of output it is designed for high visibility stores. The 4.3 rating reflects satisfaction with its durability and ease of use.

Pros

  • High brightness for sunlight
  • Waterproof outdoor rating
  • WiFi easy updates
  • Multiple text lines
  • Long service life

Cons

  • Windows PC required for software
  • Installation requires mounting parts

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

Connect via WiFi to update text and animations without taking the sign down. It supports up to four lines of text and various scrolling modes. The waterproof design protects against rain and snow for all weather operation.

The software does not support Mac which limits compatibility for some users. Also you may need to buy mounting parts separately for wall installation. These are manageable hurdles for the robust outdoor performance it offers.

Choose this for storefronts or outdoor events where visibility is critical. It is built to last and offers reliable operation for businesses needing constant updates in tough conditions.

Bright Daytime Display

Up to 5000 nits ensures clear visibility from 70 feet away even in bright sun.

Weather Resistant

Multiple waterproof technologies allow it to handle rain and snow without damage.

Check price on Amazon

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

4. Hosim 32×24 LED Message Writing Board – Best Budget LED Message Board

Hosim 32x24 LED Message Writing Board, Neon Sign for Business & Restaurants, Illuminated Erasable Menu Board, 8 Colors Markers & 16 Lighting Colors, Flashing Light Up Display for Bar, Party, Wedding4.3Editor scoreCheck price on Amazon
Hosim 32×24 LED Message Writing Board
32×24 inch glass panel
16 lighting colors
Remote control included
8 markers included

This Hosim board offers excellent value with a complete kit ready for immediate use. Rated 4.3 stars, it transforms storefronts into magnets for foot traffic. It features the bright neon backlighting to make your menu or message pop day and night.

Pros

  • Complete kit included
  • Tempered glass surface
  • Multiple power options
  • Bright neon backlighting
  • Attractive design

Cons

  • No battery included
  • Remote needs direct view

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

The tempered glass surface prevents ghosting and scratches common on cheaper boards. You can switch between 16 colors and dynamic flashing modes via the remote. It supports AC adapter USB or battery pack power for indoor or outdoor use.

Note that batteries are not included for the pack power option which is a minor cost add-on. The remote requires line of sight which may be tricky if mounted high. These do not significantly impact its high utility.

This is an ideal pick for business owners on a budget wanting professional results. It provides a ready to use solution for menus and promotions with solid build quality.

Ready to Use Kit

The box includes markers remote controller adapter and cleaning cloth for instant setup.

Premium Surface Quality

Tempered glass offers superior light transmission and scratch resistance compared to acrylic.

Check price on Amazon

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

5. RAYHOME Scrolling Huge Bright Advertising LED – Best for App Control

RAYHOME Scrolling Huge Bright Advertising LED Signs, Flexible USB 5V LED Store Sign Bluetooth App Control Custom Text Pattern Animation Programmable Display for Store Car Bar Hotel (27x5)4.3Editor scoreCheck price on Amazon
RAYHOME Scrolling Huge Bright Advertising LED
27×5 inch flexible sign
5V USB upgrade
Bluetooth app control
Multiple display modes

This RAYHOME sign uses advanced USB 5V technology for low heat and power use. Rated 4.3 stars, it allows smart control via Bluetooth app to connect multiple displays at once. It is great for stores needing synchronized messaging.

Pros

  • Low power consumption
  • Connects multiple displays
  • Safe touchable surface
  • Customizable text patterns
  • Easy installation

Cons

  • Narrow display width
  • Flexible material less rigid

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

You can edit text patterns and animations directly from your phone to suit your needs. The panel is thin and light can be bent or folded easily. It features drop glue surface and a long USB cable for flexible mounting.

The width is limited compared to larger boards which may restrict text length. The flexible nature means it may need careful handling to avoid creases. These are acceptable for its specific use cases like windows.

Buy this for car ads or store windows where you want app control and low power. It offers rich display modes and a safe cool surface for touch friendly environments.

Multi Display Support

The app supports connecting multiple LED displays simultaneously for wider coverage.

Safe Low Heat

The 5V USB upgrade ensures extremely low heat making it safe to touch.

Check price on Amazon

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

6. 77 Programmable LED Sign Outdoor Scrolling – Best Premium LED Message Board

77 Programmable LED Sign, Outdoor Scrolling Message Board for Business4.6Editor scoreCheck price on Amazon
77 Programmable LED Sign Outdoor Scrolling
77×14 inch P10 display
5000 nits brightness
IP65 waterproof rating
WiFi programmable

This large outdoor sign offers premium performance with 5000 nits of brightness for daytime clarity. With a high 4.6 rating, it is designed to keep announcements clear in bright storefront conditions. It supports scheduling and automation for professional use.

Pros

  • Huge display size
  • High brightness rating
  • Schedule automation features
  • Durable aluminum housing
  • High user rating

Cons

  • Mac support not available
  • Ships in two sections

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

Update content via WiFi from phone or PC without removing the sign. It features 100+ display effects and allows scheduling auto on off times to match business hours. The IP65 rating ensures it is protected from rain and dust.

It ships in two sections which requires some assembly but aids transportation. Mac users may find limitations with software compatibility which is a noted constraint. These are manageable given its professional grade capabilities.

This is the top choice for large businesses needing reliable outdoor advertising. Its durability and automation features make it a robust investment for high traffic areas.

Automation Capabilities

Store up to 100 programs and schedule them to play at different times automatically.

Weather Protection

IP65 rated protection shields the display from rain and dust during commercial use.

Check price on Amazon

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

7. P10 Outdoor Indoor Programmable LED Sign – Best for Durability

P10 Outdoor Indoor Programmable LED Sign, 5000CD High Brightness Scrolling Display, WiFi Control, Customizable Message Board for Business Advertising, Restaurants, Stores, Bars 40x144.3Editor scoreCheck price on Amazon
P10 Outdoor Indoor Programmable LED Sign
40×14 inch display
IP65 waterproof level
WiFi control
100,000 hour lifespan

This sign is built for harsh weather with a thickened aluminum frame and IP65 rating. Rated 4.3 stars, it offers vibrant RGB colors and high brightness for crisp text. It is designed to withstand rain and intense heat effectively.

Pros

  • Dazzling brightness output
  • Long service life
  • Waterproof design
  • Scheduled playback
  • Clear text display

Cons

  • No Mac support
  • Installation instructions manual

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

Use WiFi to customize content via phone with easy send button updates. It supports scheduled on off and countdown functionality for dynamic messages. The lifespan reaches up to 100,000 hours ensuring years of reliable service.

Software compatibility excludes Mac systems which may inconvenience some users. Setup relies on manuals and videos so patience is needed during initial installation. These are minor issues for a heavy duty outdoor product.

Select this for demanding outdoor environments where durability is paramount. It provides a reliable solution for storefronts needing weather resistant and long lasting signage.

Longevity Design

The device has a lifespan of up to 100,000 hours for years of use.

Smart Scheduling

Set automatic power times and timed content playback to match business hours.

Check price on Amazon

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

8. VEVOR Programmable LED Sign P10 Flexible – Best for Indoor Flexibility

VEVOR Programmable LED Sign, P10 Full Color Flexible Digital Scrolling Panel, DIY Custom Text Pattern GIF Display Board, Bluetooth APP Control Message Shop Sign for Store Business Advertising (27x14 in)4.4Editor scoreCheck price on Amazon
VEVOR Programmable LED Sign P10 Flexible
27×14 inch flexible panel
Bluetooth app control
Full color display
Built-in hooks

This flexible sign features full color LED and high-quality beads for visibility. Rated 4.4 stars, it allows free editing via Bluetooth app for dynamic content. It is a nice gift option with stable power to prevent malfunction.

Pros

  • Full color SMD tech
  • Bluetooth ease of use
  • Built-in hooks
  • GIF support
  • Stable power supply

Cons

  • Indoor use recommended
  • Hooks may limit placement

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

Supports scrolling text and GIFs with rich display modes for vertical or horizontal layouts. The aluminum frame is sturdy and hooks make hanging stable. It is easy to operate with detailed instructions included.

It is designed for indoor use which limits outdoor durability. The hooks may restrict placement options if you prefer wall mounting without visible hardware. These suit indoor advertising scenarios well.

Ideal for stores needing a colorful flexible display for promotions. It balances ease of use with visual impact for indoor business environments.

Dynamic Content

Colorful dynamic text and GIFs catch the eye of passersby effectively.

Stable Build

Thickened glossy aluminum frame ensures durability and a fine appearance.

Check price on Amazon

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

9. 36.2×7.6 Large Bright LED Sign – Best for Car Windows

36.2x7.6 Large Bright LED Sign, Programmable LED Scrolling Sign, Custom Flexible LED Store Sign with App Control DIY Text Pattern Animation, LED Digital Sign for Store Window Advertising Hotel4.3Editor scoreCheck price on Amazon
36.2×7.6 Large Bright LED Sign
36.2×7.6 inch size
USB interface
Double-sided tape
Music mode

This transparent film sign is perfect for car windows or small displays. Rated 4.3 stars, it is light and thin with a USB interface for easy power. It supports music mode and multiple languages for fun interactive advertising.

Pros

  • Bright daytime display
  • Music mode included
  • Transparent film design
  • Easy to carry
  • Multiple language support

Cons

  • Very narrow height
  • App features basic

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

The LED beads are upgraded for brighter output visible even in daytime. You can bend and fold it to fit curved surfaces. Double-sided tape allows secure attachment to walls or windows without tools.

The narrow height limits text to single lines which may restrict detailed info. The app features are basic compared to higher end options. These are acceptable for simple creative or event use.

Use this for quick car ads or event decorations needing portability. It offers bright visibility and fun features for casual promotional needs.

Interactive Mode

Includes music mode to add an engaging layer to your display.

Bright Daytime Visibility

Upgraded lamp beads ensure clear patterns and shiny display even in sunlight.

Check price on Amazon

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

10. P10 Programmable LED Sign 39×8 – Basic WiFi Sign

P10 Programmable LED Sign 39x8, Outdoor Indoor WiFi Controll Led Scrolling Message Board, Digital Display for Store Advertising Open Sign, Menu Board for Bar Restaurant, Custom Banner Word3.9Editor scoreCheck price on Amazon
P10 Programmable LED Sign 39×8
39×8 inch display
WiFi control
Adjustable brightness
USB program support

This sign offers basic WiFi control for scrolling texts and images. With a 3.9 rating, it serves as a functional option for simple needs. It supports USB and WiFi programming to update content remotely.

Pros

  • WiFi connectivity
  • Adjustable brightness
  • Full color LED
  • Supports video

Cons

  • Lower user rating
  • Limited feature list

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

Adjust brightness for different environments and displays full color for better visibility. It is suitable for open signs or menu boards in restaurants. The design is straightforward for users wanting simple functionality.

The lower rating suggests potential variability in performance or software. It lacks some advanced animation or scheduling features found in higher models. Consider your specific needs before choosing this basic unit.

Choose this if you need a simple WiFi sign on a budget. It works for basic scrolling messages where advanced features are not required.

Simple Connectivity

Program via USB and WiFi to update messages without removing the sign.

Flexible Display

Adjust brightness levels to suit indoor or outdoor viewing conditions.

Check price on Amazon

We may earn a commission when you buy through this link, at no additional cost to you.

Buying Guide – How to Choose the Best LED Message Boards

Selecting the right LED message board depends on your specific environment and usage needs. This guide outlines key factors to consider for a smart purchase.

Display Size

The size of the board determines how much text you can display and from what distance it is readable. Larger signs are better for storefronts while smaller flexible ones suit car windows or tables. Measure your available space before choosing to ensure a proper fit.

Choose a size that balances visibility with space constraints.

Brightness

Brightness measured in nits or cd/m2 is critical for visibility especially in sunlight. Outdoor signs should have at least 5000 nits to remain clear during the day. Indoor boards can have lower brightness to save energy and reduce glare.

Prioritize high brightness for any outdoor exposure.

Power Options

Check if the sign supports multiple power sources like AC USB or battery. Battery options provide portability for outdoor or mobile use. Ensure you have access to the required power supply for your intended location.

Look for versatile power options if moving the sign often.

Control Method

Control methods vary from infrared remotes to app-based connectivity. Remote controls are simple but need line of sight. Apps allow more customization and remote updates via Bluetooth or WiFi. Select based on how technical you want the setup to be.

Apps offer more features while remotes offer simplicity.

Durability

Outdoor signs must be waterproof and resistant to temperature changes. Look for ratings like IP65 and aluminum frames for longevity. Indoor boards can use lighter materials like acrylic or tempered glass.

Ensure the material matches your environment conditions.

Content Customization

Advanced signs allow you to scroll text, change colors, and add animations. Some support GIFs and music for dynamic effects. Ensure the software allows easy editing of your message for daily updates.

Choose a system that supports your content needs.

Installation

Consider how easy it is to mount the board. Some come with hooks or tape while others need drilling. Check if mounting parts are included or sold separately to avoid extra costs.

Check mounting options before buying to simplify setup.

Warranty and Support

A good warranty protects against defects and ensures service. Look for brands that offer detailed manuals and customer support. Reliable support helps resolve issues quickly during operation.

Verify warranty terms and support availability before purchase.

How to Use and Care for Your LED Message Boards

To start using your LED message board, first connect it to a power source. For signs with remotes, press the power button to activate the display. If using an app, download it and pair the device via Bluetooth or WiFi to begin editing.

Update your content regularly to keep the display fresh and relevant. Use the provided pens for writing boards to ensure they do not dry out. For programmable boards, save your messages to memory so they persist after power off.

Clean the surface gently with the provided cloth or a soft damp cloth. Avoid harsh chemicals that might damage the coating or frame. Store flexible boards flat when not in use to prevent creases or bending damage.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are LED message boards suitable for outdoor use?

Yes many modern LED message boards are designed for outdoor use with waterproof ratings like IP65. They feature higher brightness to combat sunlight glare. Always check the specific product specs for outdoor ratings before placing them outside.

Do these boards work in direct sunlight?

Outdoor models with high brightness typically 5000 nits are designed to be visible in direct sunlight. Indoor models may struggle in bright conditions as they are optimized for lower light environments. Choose accordingly based on placement.

Can I control the sign with my phone?

Many models include Bluetooth or WiFi control allowing you to update content via a smartphone app. This feature makes it easy to change messages on the go. Check if your chosen model supports this connectivity.

How long do the LED beads last?

High-quality LED beads often have a lifespan of 50,000 to 100,000 hours. This equates to years of continuous operation. Proper care and avoiding extreme temperatures can help extend this life.

Do they require special markers?

For writing boards, standard fluorescent liquid chalk markers are recommended. Avoid traditional chalk as it can scratch the surface and create dust. These markers wipe clean easily with the provided cloth.

What power source is best for outdoor use?

Battery packs or USB power banks offer portability for outdoor use. For permanent setups, connect via AC adapter for stable power. Ensure you have a plan for power if using it away from outlets.

Can I play videos on these boards?

Some programmable boards support GIFs or low-detail video formats. High-definition video usually requires more bandwidth and power. Check the specific capabilities of the model if video playback is a priority.

Final Thoughts on Choosing the Best LED Message Boards

This guide highlights the top LED message boards available in October 2026. From the durable VEVOR 32×24 model to the powerful outdoor options we covered a range of needs. Each pick offers unique benefits for both indoor and outdoor communication.

Prioritize features like brightness power options and control methods that fit your workflow. Consider how often you need to change messages and where you plan to display the board. These factors will guide you to the most efficient choice.

Remember that availability and details may change so always check current product pages before purchasing. This ensures you get the latest features and support. We hope this guide helps you find the perfect board for your business or home.